(2) The terrain is analyzed in terms of its five military aspects which can be remembered easily by using the acronym “OCOKA.” This stands for “observation and fields of fire, cover and concealment, obstacles, key terrain, and avenues of approach.” These must be analyzed in light of the mission of the unit, the type …

What are the four types of avenues of approach?

Avenues of approach are classified by type (mounted, dismounted, air, or subterranean), formation, and speed of the largest unit that can travel along it.

What is an avenue of approach army?

An air or ground route of an attacking force of a given size leading to its objective or to key terrain in its path. Also called AA. Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms. US Department of Defense 2005.

What is key terrain in the army?

In military doctrine, key terrain refers to areas which, if seized, afford an advantage to an attacker or defender. When applied to geographic terrain, this definition is clear.

What does ascope stand for Army?

ASCOPE. Area Structures Capabilities Organizations People and Events (characteristics of civil considerations during a military campaign)

How do you make a army MCOO?

1. Select File > Map Document Properties.
2. Change the document Title. This should identify that this is a MCOO. …
3. Change Summary to a one-line description of the map.
4. Type a Description. …
5. Add Author and Credits> as necessary.
6. Click OK.

What are the 8 troop leading procedures?

• Receive the Mission.
• Issue a Warning Order.
• Make a Tentative Plan.
• Initiate Movement.
• Conduct Reconnaissance.
• Complete the Plan.
• Issue the Order.
• Supervise, Inspect and Refine.

What are the 5 major terrain features?

Thumb rules: The five major terrain features are: Hill, Ridge, Valley, Saddle, and Depression. The three minor terrain features are: Draw, Spur and Cliff.

How do you write an Opord in the army?

An OPORD is formatted to organize an operation into five easily understood paragraphs: Situation, Mission, Execution, Sustainment (formerly Service and Support, currently referred to as Admin & Logistics by the US Marine Corps), and Command and Control.

What is terrain analysis in military?

Military terrain analysis is ‘the collection, analysis, evaluation, and interpretation of geographic information on the natural and man-made features of the terrain, combined with other relevant factors, to predict the effect of the terrain on military operations‘ (DoD, 2010).

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What is the difference between key and decisive terrain?

Decisive terrain is key terrain whose seizure and retention is mandatory for successful mission accomplishment (FM 3-90). Decisive terrain is relatively rare; it is not necessarily present in every situation. Unlike key terrain, decisive terrain is not associated with any COA.

What is ascope used to evaluate?

What is PMESII/ASCOPE? PMESII and ASCOPE are analysis methodologies commonly utilized in defense and military environments to analyze an operational environment. Combining the two in a matrix provides a powerful tool to defense and military personnel seeking to analyse and understand an operational environment.

What is a Backbrief rehearsal?

1. Backbrief: Backbriefs identity problems and disconnects in execution, but to a lesser degree than a hands-on type of rehearsal. … Many commanders do not understand that a backbrief is a type of rehearsal that should be used as frequently as possible, and in conjunction with other rehearsals.

What are the 5 paragraphs of an op order?

The order consists of an orientation and five paragraphs. The five paragraphs are: Situation, Mission, Execution, Administration and Logistics, and Command and Signal. Again, this format is commonly referred to and remembered by the acronym SMEAC. c.

What does Pmesii stand for?

PMESII-PT is an acronym developed in the army of the United States and stands for Political, Military, Economic, Social, Information, Infrastructure, Physical Environment, and Time.

What does Smeac stand for?

SMEAC (pronounced “smee-ack”) is the shorthand acronym used in the military to refer to the Five-Paragraph Order and stands for Situation, Mission, Execution, Administration and Logistics, and Communication Plan (SMEALCP didn’t roll off the tongue).

What is sweat MSO?

Standing for sewage, water, electricity, academics, trash, medical, safety and other, a SWEAT-MSO assessment is a mission performed by U.S. forces in areas of operation worldwide, to assess the needs of a local population by meeting with local leaders.

Why is TLP important?

TLPField/LocationUniquenessAugerGarden Banks, GOMHas Tethers and Conv. MooringHeidrunNorwegian North SeaFirst TLP with concrete hullMarsMississippi Canyon, GOMRam/PowellViosca Knoll, GOMCopy of Mars

Why is Mett-TC important?

METT-TC is a mnemonic that stands for six factors: mission, enemy, terrain, troops, time, and civilians. It’s used primarily by the U.S. Army as a framework to aid its warriors in analyzing a situation, prioritizing key aspects, and then planning accordingly to achieve success.

What is a military warning order?

A warning order is “a preliminary notice of an order or action which is to follow.” It is issued by the commander at the outset of receipt of an order from higher. The warning order is issued prior to beginning the planning process in order to allow subordinate leaders and units to maximize their preparation time.

What is the main difference between a Pir and an sir?

Part 4 – Specific Information Requirements: The last part of a PIR is the Specific Information Requirement (SIR). This is information that helps to coordinate what type of collection asset would best be able to collect the information needed to answer the PIR.

What is on a Mccoo?

The MCOO is the basic product of the battlefield area evaluation, terrain analysis, and weather analysis from the IPB. It includes the combined obstacles overlay, AA overlay (with MCs), friendly operational graphic, key terrain, and known potential enemy objectives.

What is intelligence preparation of the battlespace?

Simply stated, IPB is a rigorous analytical methodology that is focused on providing predictive intelligence to warfighters at the right time for use in planning and executing operations. As such, IPB is a critical component of the Air Force’s efforts to deliver Information Superiority to the battlefield commander.

What is the difference between a warno and Opord?

A Warning Order is in a similar format to an OPORD. They are never a complete plan. Instead, the information on hand is shared at the earliest convenience, while higher headquarters finalizes their plan and finishes the OPORD. A Warning Order does NOT authorize execution of the mission.

How do you read an Army Opord?

1. Understand The Situation. This section, located on pages 1-6 of the sample OPORD, describes the conditions of the operational environment that can impact operations, in the following subsections. …
2. Recognize The Mission. …
3. Conceptualize the Execution. …
4. Figure Out Sustainment. …
5. Understand Command and Signal.

What are examples of terrain?

There are different types of terrains. The common ones are plateau, mountain, plain, and valley terrains. Other types of terrains include open, tundra, oasis, steppe, desert, swamp, forest, marsh, river, and hill. Open terrains are flat and open grasslands while tundra refers to flat and icy wastelands.

What are the 5 colors on a military map?

• Black. Stands for man made objects.
• Brown. Stands for contour, elevation, and relief.
• Blue. Stands for water.
• Green. Stands for vegetation.
• Red. Stands for densely populated areas and other man made objects.

What are the 3 types of north on a military map?

The declination diagram depicts the three norths on your map: true north, magnetic north, and grid north (Figure 4.5).

What is the meaning of terrain analysis?

Terrain analysis is defined as the study of the nature, origin, morphological history and composition of land forms, the result of which is a land form or land component map.

What is Army Mett TC?

Filters. (US) Mission, enemy, terrain, troops available, time, and civilian considerations: A mnemonic used by the United States military to help commanders remember and prioritize what to analyze during the planning phase of any operation. acronym.

Which North is used when using a military map?

The Army uses azimuths to express direction. Direction is determined from your start point, or where you are, outward toward your desired destination, or your intended target. Because you use north (0 or 360 degrees) as your base line, 270 degrees away from north will always be due west.